Electronics Area – Electrical and Electronics Tutorials and Circuits
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Electrical and Electronics Tutorials and Circuits
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Humidity sensor circuit using the 555 timer
This simple humidity sensor circuit, shows us the humidity level that a ground under test has. To achieve the goal, a couple of probes are used.
12V to -12V DC converter circuit using 555
This 12 VDC to -12 VDC converter circuit gives -12VDC (negative 12 volts) from a power source of + 12VDC (positive 12 volts), with very few components.
Temperature Gauge Circuit Using LM324 (PCB)
The temperature gauge circuit is implemented using four comparators. We use the LM324 integrated circuit, which has four 741 operational amplifiers (op amps) in a single package.
How to build a NAND Gate with Transistors & Diodes?
This circuit simulates the operation of a NAND gate with two or more inputs. (There is one diode for each input. D1, D2, …)
Full wave rectifier using center tapped transformer
Full wave rectifier using center tapped transformer
This full wave rectifier requires a center tapped transformer. This additional end on the secondary winding of the transformer divides the voltage in this winding into two equal voltages. This additional end is grounded.
Guitar Synthesizer using CD4046
Guitar Synthesizer using CD4046. To achieve the objective, the CMOS PLL CD4046 integrated circuit is used, producing an unusual sound from a guitar which sounds very similar to a synthesizer.
Half Wave Voltage Doubler
Half Wave Voltage Doubler
Voltage doublers produce twice as much DC voltage as a common rectifier could produce. The advantage of the Half Wave voltage doubler is that it has a line, which is common to the input and output
Event Sequencer Using the 555 Timer
This event sequencing circuit uses several 555 timer to control an event sequence, where an event does not start if the previous event has not ended.
Heat control using thermistor and TRIAC
This circuit is designed to control the temperature of a room, either by using a heat source, such as an electric oven heater, or by using a fan or other cooling device.
Pulse generator using NAND gate
Pulse generator using NAND gate. This circuit can be used as a clock for other circuits. The circuit’s main element is a 2 input (Schmitt Trigger) NAND gate
Types of Cells / Batteries
Types of cells / batteries. Primary batteries (non-rechargeable): Dry, mercury, alkaline. Secondary batteries (rechargeable): Nickel-Cadmium Alkaline, Lead
How does a battery work?
The electric current is a flow of electrons that flow through a conductor cable. Electrons are negatively charged, and like two magnets that we want to put together, negative side with negative side or positive side with positive side, they repel.